GB/T 44500-2024 Standard Analysis

Comprehensive Guide to New Energy Vehicle Safety Inspection

GB/T 44500-2024, issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation, will be officially implemented on March 1, 2025. It aims to standardize the operational safety inspection processes for new energy vehicles (including Battery Electric Vehicles, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles) to ensure driving safety. This standard applies to vehicle production, usage, and regulatory processes, covering comprehensive inspections from onboard systems to vehicle safety.

1. Classification of Test Subjects

The standard specifies three categories of new energy vehicles requiring inspection:

1. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV): Powered solely by batteries without internal combustion engines.
2. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV): Combines battery and fuel-driven modes.
3. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV): Uses hydrogen fuel cells as the power source.

2. Core Inspection Items

The standard covers 12 major inspection categories addressing critical vehicle systems and safety scenarios. Key analyses include:

2.1 Onboard System Safety Inspection

• Functional Safety Testing: Validates software logic reliability (e.g., emergency braking, energy recovery).
• Cybersecurity Testing: Protects against hacking with encrypted data transmission and intrusion detection.
• Data Security Testing: Prevents user privacy data leaks or tampering.

2.2 Power Battery Safety Inspection

• Physical Safety: Inspects casing integrity (cracks, deformation) and internal short-circuit/leakage risks.
• Electrical Performance Testing: Measures voltage, current, and capacity compliance.
• Extreme Condition Simulation: Validates battery safety through collision and puncture tests.

2.3. Motor and Drive System Inspection

• Performance Testing: Includes evaluation of output power, torque, rotational speed, and efficiency.
• Safety Protection Mechanisms: Reliability verification of over-current, over-voltage, and short-circuit protection functions.

2.4. Vehicle Collision and Fire Safety

• Collision Safety Testing: Simulate multi-scenario collisions (frontal, lateral) to assess structural integrity of the vehicle body and airbag deployment performance.
• Fire Resistance Testing: Combustion tests under static and dynamic operating conditions, recording flame spread rate and smoke density.

2.5. Thermal Management System Inspection

• Temperature Control Performance: Ensure operational stability of batteries and motors under high/low temperature conditions.
• Heat Exchange Efficiency: Verify response speed and energy consumption of cooling and heating systems.

2.6. Other Key Items

• Power Supply System Safety: High-voltage circuit insulation and charging port compatibility testing.
• In-Vehicle Information System: Screen interaction stability, reliability of navigation and entertainment systems.

3. Inspection Process and Criteria

1. Basic Requirements: Vehicles must be in normal condition without modifications or faults.
2. Environmental Conditions: Tests conducted indoors at -20°C to 40°C with ≤85% humidity.
3. Result Evaluation: Failure in any critical item (e.g., battery safety) leads to rejection.

This standard will drive technological advancements in the NEV industry and enhance safety prioritization. For users, standardized inspections reduce risks of fire and collisions, improving confidence in vehicle safety.